Cut the pork into bite-size pieces. Season the pork chunks generously with salt and pepper and set aside.
3 pounds pork shoulder
Remove and discard the stems and seeds from the dried chiles. Tear or roughly chop the chile peppers into medium-size pieces, roughly ½-inch wide.
4 dried ancho chiles, 12 dried guajillo chiles, 4 pasilla or New Mexico chiles
Toast the torn chiles in a skillet over medium heat while stirring for 1-2 minutes until fragrant. Transfer to a medium pot and fill with enough of the 2-3 cups chicken broth or water to cover the chiles.
2-3 cups chicken broth or water
Bring it to a boil, then cover and remove it from the heat. Let the chiles soak for 10 minutes. Do not discard the cooking liquid - you will need 2 cups of this liquid for the sauce.
Transfer the soaked chiles to a blender using a slotted spoon. Add 1 cup of the chile-infused water along with 4 garlic cloves, the chipotle peppers in adobo sauce, vinegar, oregano, thyme, brown sugar, ground cumin, and salt. Blend well until smooth. Add an additional 1 cup of the chile liquid and blend.
8 cloves garlic, 2 canned chipotle peppers in adobo sauce, ¼ cup white vinegar, ¾ teaspoon dried thyme, 1 Tablespoon brown sugar, 2 teaspoons ground cumin, 1½ Tablespoons kosher salt, 2 teaspoons dried Mexican oregano
Heat 2 Tablespoons of oil in a large Dutch oven or heavy-duty oven-safe pan over medium-high heat. Work in batches to sear the pork shoulder chunks on all sides until browned, adding additional oil as needed. Transfer the seared pork to a plate and set aside.
3 Tablespoons oil
Heat the remaining tablespoon of oil in the same pan and sauté the onion for 5-7 minutes until softened and translucent. Add the remaining 4 cloves of minced garlic during the last 30 seconds until fragrant.
1 medium onion
Return the pork to the Dutch oven with the sauteed onion and add the blended chili sauce and bay leaf. Mix everything together until it is evenly distributed.
1 dried bay leaf
Bring to a boil, then reduce heat to low and simmer, covered, for 2 to 2½ hours until the pork is fork tender and done. This can also be done in a 325°F oven.
Serve in a bowl with white rice, warm tortillas, and/or pinto beans. Garnish with chopped cilantro, diced onion, and lime wedges.
Cooked rice, Pinto beans, Lime wedges, Chopped cilantro, Warm corn tortillas, Diced white onion